CHIMICA GENERALE INORGANICA E ORGANICA M - Z

Learning Objectives

• General and inorganic Chemistry

  This course allows the students to acquire the fundamental knowledge on general chemistry and inorganic chemistry, essential requisite to understand related subjects in a large variety of scientific and technologic topics. The student will acquire the fundamental skills on the subject and will be able to use this knowledge to solve practical and numerical problems.

• Organic Chemistry

  The course focuses on the fundamental chemistry of carbon compounds and an appreciation of its relevance to biology and toxicology. Topics will include nomenclature, structure, properties, synthesis, and reactions, of the major functional groups of organic compounds.
  The fundamental objective is to stimulate the student to apply his reasoning skills in the study of matter, limiting the mnemonic effort to the learning of a restricted set of the basic principles of Organic Chemistry.

Course Structure

• General and inorganic Chemistry

  NB: Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.

  Class lessons and exercises. During the course, slides will be projected and can be downloaded from Studium.

• Organic Chemistry

  The lectures for this course will be a combination of classic blackboard lectures and PowerPoint.

Detailed Course Content

• General and inorganic Chemistry

  Introduction

  Atomic composition

  Dalton's atomic theory. Subatomic particles. Atomic and mass numbers. Isotopes. Bohr’s atomic theory. Energy quantization. Schrodinger equation. Atomic orbital. Quantum numbers. Periodic table. Electronic configuration.

  Chemical bound

  Types of chemical bonds: ionic bond, covalent bond, dative bond. Valence bond theory. Electronegativity and bond polarity. Lewis structure. Molecular geometry and VSEPR theory. Hybridization. Molecular orbital theory. Intermolecular forces. Hydrogen bond.

  Nomenclature and chemical reactions

  Classification of organic compounds. Oxidation number. Reaction and chemical equation. Equation balancing. Redox reactions. Stoichiometry.

  State of aggregation – Solutions

  General properties of solid, liquid and gas. Solutions: Solvent-solute, how to express the concentration, colligative properties.

  Basis of thermodynamic and kinetic

  Basic Principles of thermodynamics. Spontaneity of reactions. Rate of reaction.

  Chemical equilibrium

  Law of mass action. Equilibrium constant. Modification of the equilibrium. Le Chatelier’s principle.

  Ionic equilibrium in solution

  Electrolytic dissociation. Acid and bases. Autoionization of water and Kw. Acid strength, Ka, Kb. Acidity of solution: pH. Acid-base reactions. Buffer solution.

• Organic Chemistry

  An introduction to the study of organic chemistry
  Electronic structure and bonding; ibridization; acids and bases; introduction to organic compounds: nomenclature, physical properties, representation of structure

  Functional Groups, Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

  Stereochemistry: stereoisomers, chirality and stereocenters; enantiomers, Chan/Ingold/Prelog convention (R/S); optical activity. Diastereomers (cis/trans isomers), molecules with two or more stereocenters; Fischer projections.

  Alkanes: composition, structure and configuration, reactivity; free radical reactions of alkanes (chlorination and bromination). Cycloalkanes

  Alkyl halides: structure, nomenclature. Reactions: substitution and elimination reactions of alkyl halides, mechanisms; competition between substitution and elimination

  Alkenes: structure, nomenclature and an introduction to reactivity · thermodynamics and kinetics. The reactions of alkenes: Electrophilic addition reactions, stereochemistry, and electron delocalization. Dienes

  Alkynes: structure, nomenclature and reactivity, pka. The reactions of alkines.

  Alcohols, ethers, expoxides and sulfur-containing compounds: structure, nomenclature and reactivity

  Aromatic compounds: Aromaticity · reactions of benzene; Reactions of substituted benzenes

  Carbonyl compounds. Aldehydes and Ketones: structure, nomenclature and reactivity; carbon as a nucleophile

  Carboxylic Acids. structure, nomenclature and reactivity; nucleophilic acyl substitution. Derivatives of Carboxylic Acids: Acyl Halides, Anhydrides, Esters, Amides: reactivity. Nitriles

  Carbonyl compounds: reactions at the α-carbon; α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds

  Amines. Structure, nomenclature and reactivity. Aromatic amines. Heterocyclic compounds

  Bioorganic compounds

  Carbohydrates
  Amino acids, peptides, and proteins
  Lipids
  Nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleic acids

Textbook Information

• General and inorganic Chemistry

  [1] J. Kotz, P. Treichel, J. Townsend, D. Trechiel – Chimica - Edises

  [2] P. Atkins, L. Jones, F. Mani - Principi di chimica- Zanichelli

  [3] A. M. Manotti Lanfredi, A. Tiripicchio – Fondamenti di chimica- Casa editrice Ambrosiana

• Organic Chemistry
  1. L. G. Wade: Fondamenti di Chimica Organica – Piccin, 2014, – ISBN 9788829920037
  2. P. Y. Bruice: Elementi di Chimica Organica – EdiSES (Molecular Modeling Kit included), II Ed/2017 – ISBN 9788879599276
  3. J. G. Smith: Fondamenti di Chimica Organica – McGraw-Hill, III Ed/2018 – ISBN 9788838694431